By: Rabbi Chaim Yeshaya Freeman
המלך הקדוש
During the Aseres Yemei Teshuva, we say המלך הקדוש instead of הא-ל הקדוש.
One who forgot to say המלך הקדוש or is unsure whether it was said, and three seconds have passed or the next bracha has already been started, must restart the Shemoneh Esrei. (S.A. O.C. 582:1)
On Rosh Hashana and Yom Kippur, one who is unsure whether המלך הקדוש was said and has already said ובכן does not need to repeat the Shemoneh Esrei. We assume that the bracha was concluded with המלך הקדוש. (Chayei Adam 28:8)
המלך המשפט
During the Aseres Yemei Teshuva, we say המלך המשפט instead of מלך אוהב צדקה ומשפט.
According to the Ashkenazic custom, one who forgot המלך המשפט does not repeat the Shemoneh Esrei because the words מלך אוהב צדקה ומשפט contain the word מלך and fulfill the requirement. (S.A. O.C. 118:1)
Most Sephardim follow the Shulchan Aruch that one who forgot המלך המשפט or is unsure whether it was said, and three seconds have passed or the next bracha has already been started, must go back to the beginning of that bracha and continue from there. (S.A. O.C. 582:1)
זכרנו לחיים, מי כמוך, וכתוב, ובספר
One who forgot one of these additions should go back if the mistake is remembered before saying “ברוך אתה ה'” at the end of the bracha.
If one has already begun “ברוך אתה ה'”, one does not go back and should continue the tefillah. (S.A. O.C. 582:5)
Taken from the Kollel Avreichim Hollywood
